Kālachakra · काल चक्र

Cosmic Time

Hindu cosmology describes time on a scale so vast it makes modern astrophysics pause. From the blink of a Nimisha to the eternity of a Brahma's day — let's travel through it all.

4.32B Years in one Kalpa (Brahma's Day)
432,000 Years in Kali Yuga (shortest)
311.04T Years = Brahma's full lifespan
The Four Yugas · चार युग

Each arc is proportional to the actual duration. Hover/tap a segment for details.

Satya Yuga · सत्य युग

The Golden Age

Age of truth, virtue & divine consciousness. 40% of the Mahayuga cycle.

1.728M
years
Treta Yuga · त्रेता युग

The Silver Age

Virtue declines by ¼. Age of Rama. Sacrificial fires & Vedic rituals flourish.

1.296M
years
Dvapara Yuga · द्वापर युग

The Bronze Age

Virtue halved. Age of Krishna. Vedas compiled by Vyasa. Wars & duality rise.

864K
years
Kali Yuga · कलि युग

The Iron Age

We live in this age. Virtue reduced to ¼. Began ~3102 BCE. Darkness & opportunity.

432K
years
We are here (~5,126 years in)
The Hierarchy of Time
Unit Sanskrit Duration (Human Years) Equivalence
Paramanuपरमाणु~16 millisecondsSmallest time unit
Trutiत्रुटि~29.6 µs2 Paramanus
Nimishaनिमिष~0.2 secondsA blink of an eye
Muhurtaमुहूर्त48 minutes30 Muhurtas = 1 Day
Kali Yugaकलि युग432,000Shortest Yuga ← We are here
Dvapara Yugaद्वापर युग864,0002 × Kali Yuga
Treta Yugaत्रेता युग1,296,0003 × Kali Yuga
Satya Yugaसत्य युग1,728,0004 × Kali Yuga
Mahayuga (Chaturyuga)महायुग4,320,000Sum of 4 Yugas
Manvantaraमन्वन्तर306,720,00071 Mahayugas
Kalpa (Brahma's Day)कल्प4,320,000,00014 Manvantaras
Brahma's Full Day+Nightअहोरात्र8,640,000,0002 Kalpas
Brahma's Yearब्रह्म वर्ष3,110,400,000,000360 Brahma's days
Brahma's Lifespan (Mahakalpa)महाकल्प311,040,000,000,000100 Brahma years
Deeper Dives

Each Manvantara is ruled by a Manu — the progenitor of humanity for that era. We are currently in the 7th Manvantara, ruled by Vaivasvata Manu. Each Manvantara has its own Indra (king of gods), seven rishis (sages), and avatars of Vishnu.

14
Manvantaras
per Kalpa
7th
Current Manvantara
(Vaivasvata)
71
Mahayugas per
Manvantara
14
Different Manus
across Kalpas

A Kalpa is one day in Brahma's life. Creation begins at dawn (Srishti) and ends at dusk (Pralaya) when the universe dissolves back into unmanifest potential. The current Kalpa is called Shveta-Varaha Kalpa.

🌅 Kalpa = Brahma's Day (4.32B years) + 🌙 Pralaya = Brahma's Night (4.32B years) = ☀️ Full Day = 8.64B years

Note: The present age of Earth (~4.5B years) fits remarkably within a single Kalpa.

Brahma's Current Age: 51st year (Parardha — the second half)
Current Kalpa: Shveta-Varaha Kalpa (1st day of Brahma's 51st year)
Current Manvantara: 7th — Vaivasvata Manvantara
Current Mahayuga: 28th of the current Manvantara
Current Yuga: Kali Yuga — started 3102 BCE (Mahabharata war era). ~5,126 years elapsed of 432,000.

"काल: पचति भूतानि काल: संहरते प्रजाः"

— Time ripens all beings; Time withdraws all creation. (Mahabharata)

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